Clinical medicines reference

Medicines A–Z

Browse MediCalc's professional medicines reference library. Each entry links to clinical context, safety considerations and authoritative source routes. Always confirm formulation-specific indications, contraindications, dosing and current product information before clinical use.

A

B

  • Baclofen — GABA-B receptor agonist / muscle relaxant — Spasticity
  • Beclometasone — Corticosteroid — Inflammatory airway and nasal disease, depending on formulation
  • Bisoprolol — Beta blocker — Hypertension, angina and selected patients with heart failure
  • Budesonide — Corticosteroid — Inflammatory respiratory and gastrointestinal conditions, depending on formulation

C

  • Candesartan — Angiotensin II receptor blocker — Hypertension and selected patients with heart failure
  • Carbamazepine — Antiseizure medicine — Epilepsy, trigeminal neuralgia and selected mood disorders
  • Cefalexin — Cephalosporin antibiotic — Susceptible bacterial infections
  • Clopidogrel — P2Y12 antiplatelet — Prevention of atherothrombotic events

D

  • Dabigatran — Direct thrombin inhibitor — Prevention and treatment of thromboembolic disease
  • Dapagliflozin — SGLT2 inhibitor — Type 2 diabetes, heart failure and chronic kidney disease in appropriate patients
  • Diazepam — Benzodiazepine — Short-term anxiety, muscle spasm, seizures and procedural indications
  • Digoxin — Cardiac glycoside — Selected patients with atrial fibrillation or heart failure

E

  • Edoxaban — Direct factor Xa inhibitor — Prevention and treatment of thromboembolic disease
  • Empagliflozin — SGLT2 inhibitor — Type 2 diabetes, heart failure and chronic kidney disease in appropriate patients
  • Enalapril — ACE inhibitor — Hypertension and heart failure
  • Erythromycin — Macrolide antibiotic — Susceptible bacterial infections and selected prokinetic use

F

  • Famotidine — H2-receptor antagonist — Acid-related gastrointestinal disorders
  • Felodipine — Calcium-channel blocker — Hypertension and angina
  • Finasteride — 5-alpha-reductase inhibitor — Benign prostatic enlargement and androgenetic alopecia, depending on formulation
  • Fluoxetine — SSRI antidepressant — Depression and selected anxiety, obsessive-compulsive and eating disorders

G

  • Gabapentin — Gabapentinoid — Neuropathic pain and epilepsy
  • Gentamicin — Aminoglycoside antibiotic — Serious susceptible bacterial infections and topical indications
  • Gliclazide — Sulfonylurea — Type 2 diabetes
  • Glyceryl trinitrate — Nitrate vasodilator — Angina and selected acute cardiovascular indications

H

  • Haloperidol — First-generation antipsychotic — Psychotic disorders and selected acute behavioural or antiemetic indications
  • Heparin — Anticoagulant — Prevention and treatment of thrombosis
  • Hydralazine — Direct vasodilator — Hypertension and selected heart-failure regimens
  • Hydrocortisone — Corticosteroid — Adrenal replacement and inflammatory conditions, depending on formulation

I

  • Ibuprofen — NSAID — Pain, inflammation and fever
  • Imipramine — Tricyclic antidepressant — Depression and selected other indications
  • Indapamide — Thiazide-like diuretic — Hypertension
  • Insulin glargine — Long-acting insulin analogue — Diabetes mellitus requiring basal insulin

J

  • Josamycin — Macrolide antibiotic — Susceptible bacterial infections where locally licensed

K

  • Ketamine — Dissociative anaesthetic / NMDA antagonist — Anaesthesia and selected specialist pain or psychiatric uses
  • Ketoconazole — Azole antifungal — Fungal conditions; systemic use is restricted in many jurisdictions
  • Ketorolac — NSAID — Short-term treatment of acute pain

L

  • Labetalol — Alpha/beta blocker — Hypertension, including selected pregnancy-associated hypertension
  • Lamotrigine — Antiseizure medicine — Epilepsy and bipolar disorder
  • Levothyroxine — Thyroid hormone — Hypothyroidism and selected thyroid indications
  • Lisinopril — ACE inhibitor — Hypertension, heart failure and selected post-myocardial-infarction care

M

  • Metformin — Biguanide — Type 2 diabetes and selected metabolic indications
  • Methotrexate — Antimetabolite / immunomodulator — Inflammatory disease and malignancy, with regimen-specific dosing
  • Metoprolol — Beta blocker — Hypertension, angina, arrhythmias and selected heart-failure indications
  • Morphine — Opioid analgesic — Moderate to severe pain and selected palliative indications

N

  • Naproxen — NSAID — Pain and inflammatory disorders
  • Nicorandil — Potassium-channel opener / nitrate-like antianginal — Angina
  • Nifedipine — Calcium-channel blocker — Hypertension and angina
  • Nitrofurantoin — Urinary antibacterial — Lower urinary tract infection in appropriate patients

O

  • Olanzapine — Second-generation antipsychotic — Schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and selected psychiatric indications
  • Omeprazole — Proton-pump inhibitor — Acid-related gastrointestinal disorders
  • Ondansetron — 5-HT3 antagonist — Prevention and treatment of nausea and vomiting
  • Oseltamivir — Neuraminidase inhibitor antiviral — Treatment and prevention of influenza in appropriate patients

P

  • Paracetamol — Analgesic and antipyretic — Pain and fever
  • Penicillin V — Penicillin antibiotic — Susceptible bacterial infections
  • Prednisolone — Corticosteroid — Inflammatory, allergic and autoimmune conditions
  • Propranolol — Non-selective beta blocker — Selected cardiovascular, neurological and endocrine indications

Q

  • Quetiapine — Second-generation antipsychotic — Schizophrenia, bipolar disorder and selected depressive disorders
  • Quinapril — ACE inhibitor — Hypertension and selected heart-failure indications
  • Quinidine — Class IA antiarrhythmic — Selected arrhythmias; use varies by jurisdiction
  • Quinine — Antimalarial / antiprotozoal alkaloid — Malaria and restricted specialist indications

R

  • Ramipril — ACE inhibitor — Hypertension, cardiovascular risk reduction and heart failure
  • Rifampicin — Rifamycin antibiotic — Tuberculosis and selected other infections, usually in combination regimens
  • Risperidone — Second-generation antipsychotic — Schizophrenia and selected mood or behavioural indications
  • Rivaroxaban — Direct factor Xa inhibitor — Prevention and treatment of thromboembolic disease

S

  • Salbutamol — Short-acting beta2 agonist — Relief of reversible bronchospasm
  • Sertraline — SSRI antidepressant — Depression and selected anxiety-related disorders
  • Simvastatin — HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor — Reduction of LDL cholesterol and cardiovascular risk
  • Spironolactone — Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist — Heart failure, oedema, resistant hypertension and selected endocrine indications

T

  • Tacrolimus — Calcineurin inhibitor — Prevention of transplant rejection and selected inflammatory skin disease, depending on formulation
  • Tamsulosin — Alpha-1 blocker — Lower urinary tract symptoms associated with benign prostatic enlargement
  • Tramadol — Opioid analgesic — Moderate pain where an opioid is appropriate
  • Trimethoprim — Antibacterial / folate antagonist — Selected susceptible bacterial infections, including urinary infection

U

  • Ulipristal acetate — Selective progesterone receptor modulator — Emergency contraception; other uses vary by jurisdiction
  • Umeclidinium — Long-acting muscarinic antagonist — Maintenance treatment of COPD
  • Ursodeoxycholic acid — Bile acid — Selected cholestatic liver disease and gallstone-related indications
  • Ustekinumab — Monoclonal antibody targeting IL-12/23 — Selected inflammatory diseases including psoriasis and inflammatory bowel disease

V

  • Valaciclovir — Antiviral nucleoside analogue prodrug — Herpesvirus infections
  • Valsartan — Angiotensin II receptor blocker — Hypertension and selected heart-failure/post-MI indications
  • Vancomycin — Glycopeptide antibiotic — Serious Gram-positive infections; oral use for selected intestinal infection
  • Venlafaxine — SNRI antidepressant — Depression and selected anxiety disorders

W

  • Warfarin — Vitamin K antagonist anticoagulant — Prevention and treatment of thromboembolic disease
  • Water for injections — Sterile pharmaceutical diluent — Preparation or dilution of medicines where specified by product instructions
  • White soft paraffin — Emollient — Dry and inflammatory skin conditions as an emollient
  • Wound irrigation solution — Sterile irrigation preparation — Cleansing and irrigation of wounds where clinically appropriate

X

  • Xenon — Inhalational general anaesthetic — General anaesthesia in specialist settings where available
  • Xipamide — Thiazide-like diuretic — Hypertension and oedema where locally licensed
  • Xylitol — Sugar alcohol / excipient with dental applications — Used in oral-health products and as a pharmaceutical excipient; therapeutic claims depend on product
  • Xylometazoline — Topical alpha-adrenergic decongestant — Short-term relief of nasal congestion

Y

  • Yellow fever vaccine — Live attenuated vaccine — Prevention of yellow fever in eligible people
  • Yervoy (ipilimumab) — CTLA-4 immune checkpoint inhibitor — Selected cancers under specialist oncology protocols
  • Yohimbine — Alpha-2 adrenergic antagonist — Limited or historical therapeutic use; licensing varies substantially by jurisdiction
  • Yttrium-90 microspheres — Therapeutic radiopharmaceutical device/medicine system — Selective internal radiation therapy for selected liver tumours

Z

  • Zanamivir — Neuraminidase inhibitor antiviral — Treatment and prevention of influenza in appropriate patients
  • Zidovudine — Antiretroviral (NRTI) — HIV infection as part of combination antiretroviral therapy
  • Zoledronic acid — Bisphosphonate — Osteoporosis and selected oncology/bone indications
  • Zopiclone — Non-benzodiazepine hypnotic — Short-term treatment of severe insomnia
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